Physiology –Muscles Table

FACIAL

Name	Location	Description	Action
Frontalis	Runs vertically on forehead, originates in tissue on scalp	Composed of medial & lateral parts	Draws eyebrows & skin upward
Occipitalus	Lips		Elevates lips
Orbicularis Oris	Schimeter muscles around mouth	Mucous membrane, muscles inserting into lips	Closes lips
Obicularis Oculi	Around eyes Outer: Medial orbit     Palpebral: Palpebal ligament	Three parts: Orbitial, Palpebral, & lacrimal	Projecting and moistening eyes, expressive displays, constrict skin, reduces opening, closes the eye
Zygomatic	Major: Cheek bone (near mouth corner)     Minor: Lateral part of cheek	Inverted by zygomatic & buccal branches	Lifts corner of mouth upward (smiling     Draws skin of lip upward laterally
Levator Labii Superioris	Upper lip & cheek	Two parts: Nasal & lateral Nasal: Originates near/on cheek bone     Lateral: From medial part of orbit	Raises upper lip straight up Raises upper lip, stretched nasal wing up, & wrinkles nose
Depressor Labii Inferioris	Originates in chin part & inserts into skin of lower lip	Inverted by mandibular & buccal branches of facial nerve	Pulls red parts of lips (lower) straight down & skin of lower lip laterally down
Mentalis	Part of mandible below the front teeth	Associated by mandibular & buccal branches of facial nerve	Pushes chin boss upward
Buccinator	Lips	Maxilla & mandible (inserts into)	Maintains cheeks near teeth & food in position for chewing
Platysma	From upper chest through neck to lower cheek	Innverted by deep cervical branch of facial nerve	Assists in depressing mandible & tightens the fascia of neck     Lowers jaw and lip

 
 

CHEST

Sternocladiomastiod	Manubrium of sternum	Inserts into mastoid process of temporal bone	Lateral flexion to same side & rotation to opposite sides     Flexion of head & neck
Pectoralis Major	Sternum to 7th rib	Inserts to crest of greater tubercle of humerus	Flexion of humerus, extension of humerus returning from flexion
Pectoralis Minor	3rd, 4th, & 5th ribs	Inserts into caracoid process of scapula	Tilts scapula forward, depresses & abducts scapula
Deltoid	Lateral 1/3 of clavicle	Inserts into deltoid tuberousity	Abducts the shoulder joint
Serratus Anterior	Scapula fossa of scapula	Inserts into lesser tubercle of humerus	Medially rotates shoulder joint
Subscapularis	Originated at the inner surface of the scapula	Inserts into inferios lateral aspect of clavicle	Elevates first rib, stabilizes sternoclavicular joint

 
 

ABDOMINALS

Rectus abdominus	Front of lower torso	This bands of connective tissue	Flex the spine
Transverse Abdominus	Deepest muscle to the core wrap under abs	Acts as a natural weight belt	Essential for trunk stability as well as keeps stomach tight
Internal Obliques	Flank rectus abs/ run diagonally no body allowing for angles movement	Runs opposite of internal	Twisting of torso     Rotate torso & stabilizes abs
External Obliques	Each side of rectus/ run diagonally on body allowing for angled movement	Runs opposite of external	Twisting/ Rotate torso & stabilizes abs
Trapezius	Runs down upper section of spinal cord	Long, trapezoid shape	Scapular elevation
Latisimus Dorsi	From side of body toward spinal area     Attached to the upper humerus to vertebral	Largest in back     Fan shaped	Pulls arm toward pelvis